天津市防水材料厂

1 .确定防水堵漏方案：

1. to determine the waterproof plugging scheme:

堵漏前必须进行现场调查，摸清现场施工情况，分析渗漏水的原因，查清漏水部位、裂缝、裂纹或穿孔的宽度、长度、深度和贯穿情况，并了解雨天和晴天的漏水情况，测量漏水的流量与流速等，通过充分调查，正确拟定堵漏方案，做好各项准备工作。

The field investigation must be carried out before the leak is blocked, to find out the construction situation of the site, to analyze the causes of leakage, to find out the width, length, depth and penetration of the leakage parts, cracks, cracks or perforations, to understand the leakage of the rain and clear days, to measure the flow rate and flow rate of the leakage, and to correctly draw up the plugging of the leakage through the full investigation. Plan, do all the preparatory work.

2.材料性能特点：

2. properties of material:

油性聚氨酯注浆材料与水即反应，由于水参与了反应，浆液不会被水稀释冲走，这是其他灌浆材料所不具备的优点，浆液在压力作用下，灌入混凝土缝隙或孔洞，同时向缝隙周围渗透，继续渗入混凝土缝隙，最终形成网状结构，成为密度小，含水的弹性体，有良好的适应变型能力，止水性好。

Oil based polyurethane grouting materials react with water. Because water is involved in the reaction, the slurry will not be diluted and washed away by water. This is the advantage that other grouting materials do not have. The slurry is filled with cracks or holes in concrete under pressure, and permeates the cracks around the cracks, and continues to infiltrate into the cracks in the concrete, eventually forming a network structure. It becomes a small density and water bearing elastomer with good adaptability to deformation and good watertightness.

3.灌浆孔的设计和布孔：

3. the design and perforation of the grouting hole:

灌浆孔的布孔有骑缝和斜孔两种形式，根据实际情况和需要加以选择，必要时两者并用。

The holes of grouting holes have two forms: seam and inclined hole. According to the actual situation and needs, they should be selected.

（1）灌浆孔的设计：灌浆孔的位置，应使孔和漏水裂缝空隙相交，并选在漏水量最大处。

(1) design of grout hole: location of grouting hole, should intersect hole and leakage crack, and choose the largest leakage volume.

（2）布孔原则：注浆孔眼的位置和数量，需根据不同漏水情况进行合理安排，以导出漏水为目的，在集中漏水处布孔，裂缝大、水流量大则孔距大，缝隙小则孔距小点击免费下载海量工程资料。

(2) distribution hole principle: the position and quantity of grouting hole should be rationally arranged according to different leakage conditions, in order to export water leakage, the hole is distributed at the concentrated leaking place, the hole is big, the water flow is big, and the gap is small, and the hole distance is small and the mass engineering data are downloaded free of charge.

4、打孔

4. Punching

可视施工条件采用手工和机械方法，一般是手工打孔和机械打孔并用。

Visual construction conditions are manual and mechanical, usually manual drilling and mechanical drilling.

5、检查灌浆设备和管路运转情况

5. Check the operation of the grouting equipment and pipeline

检查固结浆嘴的强度，疏通裂缝，进一步设定好灌浆参数（如凝胶时间、灌浆压力和配浆量等）。

Check the strength of the consolidation nozzle, dredge the cracks, and further set the grouting parameters (such as gelation time, grouting pressure and slurry volume).

6、灌浆

6. Grouting

灌浆是整个化学灌浆的中心环节，须待一切准备工作完成后进行。灌浆前有组织的进行分工，固定岗位，尤其需要有专职熟练的人员进行操作。

Grouting is the central link of the whole chemical grouting and must be done after all preparations are completed. Before the grouting, there is organized division of labor and fixed posts, especially for full-time skilled personnel.

（1）灌浆前对整个系统进行全面的检查，在灌浆机具运转正常，管路畅通的情况下，方可灌浆。

(1) the whole system is thoroughly checked before grouting, and grouting can be done only if the grouting machine works normally and the pipeline is unblocked.

（2）对于垂直缝一般自下而上灌浆，水平缝由一端向另一端或从两头向中间灌浆；对集中漏水应先对漏水量最大的孔洞进行灌浆。

(2) the vertical seam is generally grouted from bottom to top, and the horizontal seam is grouted from one end to the other end or from two heads to the middle; for the concentrated leaking water, the hole should be grouted first.

7、结束灌浆：

7, end grouting:

在压力比较稳定的情况下，再继续灌1-2分钟既可结束灌浆，拆卸管路准备清洗。

In the case of relatively stable pressure, continue pouring for 1-2 minutes to complete the grouting and remove the pipeline for cleaning.

8、封孔：

8. Sealing the hole:

经检查无漏水现象时，卸下灌浆头，用水泥砂浆等材料将孔补平抹光。

When no leakage is detected, the grouting head is removed, and cement mortar is used to smooth the holes.

9、注意事项：

9. Note:

（1）输浆管必须有足够的强度，装拆方便点击免费下载海量工程资料。

(1) the conveying pipe must be strong enough to install and disassemble, and click on the free download of massive engineering data.

（2）所有操作人员必须穿戴必要的劳动保护用品。

(2) all operators must wear the necessary labor protection articles.

（3）灌浆时，操作泵的人员应时刻注意浆液的灌入量，同时观察压力变化情况。一般压力突然升高可能由于浆液凝固、管路堵塞或由于浆液逐渐充填沉降缝，此时立即停止灌浆。压力稳定上升，但仍在一定压力之内，此时是正常的。有时出现压力下降情况，这可能是由于孔隙被冲开，浆液大量进入沉降缝深部所致，此时可持续灌浆。随着大量浆液进入缝隙，压力会逐渐上升并稳定。压力降低的另一个原因是由于封缝或管道接头漏浆造成的，需及时停止灌浆，进行处理。有时由于泵压力增大，将浆液压入沉降缝深处，使大量浆液流失，这时可调节浆液固结时间，使之缩短凝结时间或采用间歇灌浆的方法来减少浆液损失。

(3) when grouting, operators should pay attention to the volume of grouting and observe the pressure changes. The sudden increase of general pressure may be stopped immediately due to slurry solidification, pipeline blockage or gradual settlement of slurry seams. The pressure rises steadily, but still under certain pressure. This is normal at this time. Sometimes the pressure drop occurs. This may be due to the pore being washed away and the large amount of slurry entering the deep part of the settlement joint. With a large number of slurry entering the gap, the pressure will gradually rise and stabilize. Another reason for pressure drop is due to leakage of sealing joints or pipe joints. It is necessary to stop grouting and deal with it in time. Sometimes, because the pressure of the pump increases, the slurry is hydraulic into the depth of the settlement seam, so that a large number of slurry is lost. At this time, the consolidation time of the slurry can be adjusted to reduce the setting time or the method of intermittent grouting to reduce the slurry loss.

（4）灌浆所用的设备、管路和料桶必须分别标明。

(4) the equipment, pipelines and materials barrels used for grouting must be marked separately.

（5）灌浆前应准备水泥、水玻璃等快速堵漏材料，以便及时处理漏浆跑浆情况。

(5) fast plugging materials such as cement and water glass should be prepared before grouting, so as to deal with slurry leakage in time.

（6）每次灌浆结束后，必须及时清洗所有设备和管道，灌浆结束后应用1：2水泥砂浆封闭灌浆孔。

(6) after each grouting, all equipment and pipelines must be cleaned in time. After grouting, 1:2 cement mortar will be used to seal the grouting holes.